Wednesday, 25 February 2026

Outbreak Investigation and Infection Control in a Level III NICU

 

Presenter: Amol Kalyanrao Joshi

Affiliation: Government Medical College Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, India

Presentation Type: Oral Presentation (Virtual)

Title: Containing a multidrug-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae outbreak in a level III NICU: A retrospective cohort study


🦠 Background

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major cause of neonatal sepsis, especially among preterm and low-birth-weight infants. The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains has intensified challenges in NICU infection control and treatment. Between December 2024 and January 2025, our Level III NICU experienced a sudden cluster of MDR K. pneumoniae cases, prompting immediate outbreak investigation and containment measures.


🔬 Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all neonates with culture-confirmed K. pneumoniae sepsis during the outbreak period. Maternal, intrapartum, and postnatal risk factors were reviewed from medical records.
Univariate regression analysis was used to assess associations with mortality. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles were evaluated, and infection-control interventions were systematically documented and monitored.


📊 Results

A total of 25 neonates developed K. pneumoniae sepsis within two months.
Most affected infants were preterm and had low birth weight.

Common clinical features included:

·         Respiratory distress

·         Feeding intolerance

·         Lethargy

·         Temperature instability

Several maternal and postnatal factors showed significant association with mortality. The isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance, though carbapenem sensitivity remained preserved.

After strengthening infection-control measures — including improved hand hygiene compliance, strict equipment sterilization, cohort nursing, and reinforced antimicrobial stewardship — new case numbers declined markedly.


🏥 Infection Control Impact

Prompt surveillance and immediate reinforcement of NICU infection-prevention protocols played a critical role in interrupting transmission and containing the outbreak.


Conclusion

This outbreak highlights the serious mortality risk posed by MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae in vulnerable preterm neonates. Early recognition and rapid implementation of robust infection-control strategies are essential to halt transmission. Strengthening routine surveillance and hygiene practices remains vital, particularly in resource-limited NICU settings.


👩⚕️ About the Speaker

Dr Amol Joshi MD, is Consultant Neonatologist, Quality Improvement Advisor. He holds fellowship in Neonatology (MUHS, Nashik University), Fellowship IsQua (2022), has published many articles. Mentored many Newborn Care Units in secondary health facility, Currently holding additional responsibility as Associate Editor (BMJ Open Quality).


🌍 Join the Global Conversation

Event: International Conference on Pediatrics, Neonatology & Child Health
📅 March 26–28, 2026
📍 Singapore & Online
🔗 Website: https://pediatrics.miconferences.com/
🔗 Register: https://pediatrics.miconferences.com/register
🔗 Abstract Submission: https://pediatrics.miconferences.com/abstract-submission

📩 Email: pediatrics@mathewsconference.com
📞 Phone: +1 (312) 462-4448
💬 WhatsApp: +1 (424) 377-0967

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